Capital employed là gì
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Peggy James is a CPA with 8 years of experience in corporate accounting và finance who currently works at a private university.
What Is Capital Employed?
Capital employed, also known as funds employed, is the total amount of capital used for the acquisition of profits by a firm or project.Capital employed can also refer lớn the value of all the assets used by a company to lớn generate earnings.
By employing capital, companies invest in the long-term future of the company. Capital employed is helpful since it"s used with other financial metrics khổng lồ determine the return on a company"s assets as well as how effective management is at employing capital.
Capital employed is derived by subtracting current liabilities from total assets; or alternatively by adding noncurrent liabilities lớn owners" equity.Capital employed tells you how much has been put lớn use in an investment.Return on capital employed (ROCE) is a comtháng financial analysis metric to determine the return on an investment.
Formula và Calculation of Capital Employed
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Capital employed is calculated by taking total assets from the balance sheet & subtracting current liabilities, which are short-term financial obligations.
Capital employed can be calculated by adding fixed assets lớn working capital, or by adding equity—found in shareholders" equity section of the balance sheet—khổng lồ non-current liabilities, meaning long-term liabilities.
What Capital Employed Can Tell You
Capital employed can give sầu a snapshot of how a company is investing its money. However, it is a frequently used term that is at the same time very difficult to define because there are so many contexts in which it can be used. All definitions generally refer to the capital investment necessary for a business to lớn function.
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Capital investments include stocks and long-term liabilities. It also refers lớn the value of assets used in the operation of a business. In other words, it is a measure of the value of assets minus current liabilities. Both of these measures can be found on the balance sheet. A current liability is the portion of debt that must be paid baông chồng within one year. In this way, capital employed is a more accurate estimate of total assets.
Capital employed is better interpreted by combining it with other information to lớn form an analysis metric such as return on capital employed (ROCE).
Return on Capital Employed (ROCE)
Capital employed is primarily used by analysts khổng lồ determine the return on capital employed (ROCE). Like return on assets (ROA), investors use ROCE lớn get an approximation for what their return might be in the future. Return on capital employed (ROCE) is thought of as a profitability ratio. It compares net operating profit to lớn capital employed & tells investors how much each dollar of earnings is generated with each dollar of capital employed.
Some analysts prefer return on capital employed over return on equity & return on assets since it takes long-term financing into consideration, và is a better gauge for the performance or profitability of the company over a longer period of time.
A higher return on capital employed suggests a more efficient company, at least in terms of capital employment. A higher number may also be indicative of a company with a lot of cash on hand since cash is included in total assets. As a result, high levels of cash can sometimes skew this metric.
Return on capital employed is calculated by dividing net operating profit, or earnings before interest và taxes (EBIT), by employed capital. Another way khổng lồ calculate it is by dividing earnings before interest và taxes by the difference between total assets & current liabilities.
Example Of How khổng lồ Use Capital Employed
Let"s calculate the historical return on capital employed by three tech companies—Alphabet Inc., Apple Inc., and Microsoft Corporation—for the fiscal year ended 2017.
| (in millions) | Alphabet | Apple | Microsoft |
| EBIT | $19,760 | $66,412 | $25,371 |
| Total Assets (TA) | $197,295 | $375,319 | $241,086 |
| Current Liabilities (CL) | $24,183 | $100,814 | $64,527 |
| TA - CL | $173,112 | $274,505 | $176,559 |
| Return on Capital Employed | 0.1141 | 0.2419 | 0.1437 |
Of the three companies, Apple Inc. has the highest return on capital employed of 24.19%. A return on capital employed of 24.19% means that for every dollar invested in capital employed for 12 months ended September 30, 2017, the company made 24 cents in profits. Investors are interested in the ratio khổng lồ see how efficiently a company uses its capital employed as well as its long-term financing strategies.
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